Report ID
1993-07
Report Authors
Omer Egecioglu and Cetin Kaya Koc
Report Date
Abstract
The canonical bit recoding technique can be used to reduce the average numberof multiplications required to compute $X^E$ provided that $X^{-1}$ is suppliedalong with $X$. We model the generation of the digits of the canonicalrecoding $D$ of an $n$-bit long exponent $E$ as a Markov chain, and show thatbinary, quaternary, and octal methods applied to $D$ require $\\frac{4}{3}\\,n$,$\\frac{4}{3}\\,n$, and $\\frac{23}{18}\\,n$ multiplications, compared to$\\frac{3}{2} \\, n$, $\\frac{11}{8} \\, n$, and $\\frac{31}{24}n$ required by thesemethods applied to $E$. We show that in general the canonically recoded$m$-ary method for constant $m$ requires fewer multiplications than thestandard $m$-ary method. However, when $m$ is picked optimally for each methodfor a given $n$, then the average number of multiplications required by thestandard method is fewer than those required by the recoded version.
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